% Website source of truth. Initial import transcribed from the maintained CV on 2026-09-01.

@inproceedings{araszkiewicz2026echr,
  author = {Michal Araszkiewicz and Jaromir Savelka and Hannes Westermann and Grzegorz J. Nalepa and Karolina Mania and Tadeusz Zbiegień},
  title = {Analyzing European Court of Human Rights Treatment of Non-ECHR Sources of Legal Authority},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  year = {2026},
  status = {Forthcoming}
}

@incollection{westermann2026generative,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Marco Giacalone},
  title = {Introduction to Generative AI},
  booktitle = {Equalizing Justice: Harnessing AI for Litigants Without Lawyers},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press & Assessment},
  pages = {49--56},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1017/9781009779487}
}

@incollection{branting2026automation,
  author = {L. Karl Branting and Mia Bonardi and Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Document Automation},
  booktitle = {Equalizing Justice: Harnessing AI for Litigants Without Lawyers},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press & Assessment},
  pages = {133--157},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1017/9781009779487}
}

@incollection{westermann2026applications,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Marco Giacalone},
  title = {Applications of Generative AI for Access to Justice},
  booktitle = {Equalizing Justice: Harnessing AI for Litigants Without Lawyers},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press & Assessment},
  pages = {218--239},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1017/9781009779487}
}

@article{westermann2026opportunity,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {AI for Access to Justice—An Important Opportunity},
  journal = {ECA Journal},
  year = {2026},
  pages = {89},
  url = {https://www.eca.europa.eu/en/publications/JOURNAL-2026-01}
}

@incollection{westermann2026mediation,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Integrating AI in Mediation},
  booktitle = {The Cambridge Handbook of AI in Civil Dispute Resolution},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  pages = {231--247},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-handbook-of-ai-in-civil-dispute-resolution/integrating-ai-in-mediation/9831C43FE638BEE81705029CE12FFB43}
}

@inproceedings{nanda2025hohfeldian,
  author = {Rohan Nanda and Henrique Marcos and Hannes Westermann and Julia Schutz Veiga},
  title = {A Hohfeldian Knowledge Base for LLM-Assisted Legal Information Retrieval in Marine Biodiversity Law},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  year = {2025},
  pages = {318--323},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA251604}
}

@inproceedings{hoebenkuil2025videos,
  author = {Lyra Hoeben-Kuil and Gijs van Dijck and Jaromir Savelka and Johanna Gunawan and Konrad Kollnig and Marta Kołacz and Mindy Duffourc and Shashank M. Chakravarthy and Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Can LLMs Create Legally Relevant Summaries and Analyses of Videos?},
  booktitle = {JURIX 2025},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA251580},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.13772},
  code = {https://github.com/maastrichtlawtech/jurix2025_LLM_video_analysis}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2025framework,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {A Demonstration of a Semi-Structured Legal Reasoning Framework},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  publisher = {ACM},
  year = {2025}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2025mapping,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Vern R. Walker and Jaromir Savelka},
  title = {Automated Mapping of Legal Criteria to the Texts of Adjudicatory Decisions Using LLMs},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  publisher = {ACM},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1145/3769126.3769236},
  code = {https://github.com/hwestermann/ICAIL2025-Catlex},
  slides = {https://www.digitallawcenter.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/hannes-westermann-legal-design-presentation.pdf}
}

@article{constant2025autonomy,
  author = {Axel Constant and Hannes Westermann and Bryan Wilson and Alex Kiefer and Inês Hipólito and Sylvain Pronovost and Steven Swanson and Mahault Albarracin and Maxwell J.D. Ramstead},
  title = {A Path Toward Legal Autonomy: An Interoperable and Explainable Approach to Extracting, Transforming, Loading, and Computing Legal Information Using Large Language Models, Expert Systems, and Bayesian Networks},
  journal = {MIT Computational Law Report},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://law.mit.edu/pub/apathtowardlegalautonomy}
}

@inproceedings{tan2024robots,
  author = {Jinzhe Tan and Hannes Westermann and Nikhil Reddy Pottanigari and Jaromír Šavelka and Sébastien Meeùs and Mia Godet and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Robots in the Middle: Evaluating LLMs in Dispute Resolution},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  year = {2024},
  pages = {168--179},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA241243},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.07053}
}

@inproceedings{steenhuis2024intake,
  author = {Quinten Steenhuis and Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Getting in the Door: Streamlining Intake in Civil Legal Services with Large Language Models},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  year = {2024},
  pages = {155--167},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA241242},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.03762}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2024images,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka},
  title = {Analyzing Images of Legal Documents: Toward Multi-Modal LLMs for Access to Justice},
  booktitle = {AI for Access to Justice Workshop at JURIX 2024},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.15260},
  code = {https://github.com/hwestermann/AI4A2J_analyzing_images_of_legal_documents}
}

@inproceedings{janatian2023structure,
  author = {Samyar Janatian and Hannes Westermann and Jinzhe Tan and Jaromir Savelka and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {From Text to Structure: Using Large Language Models to Support the Development of Legal Expert Systems},
  booktitle = {JURIX 2023},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.04911},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA230962},
  award = {Best Paper Award}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2023llmediator,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {LLMediator: GPT-4 Assisted Online Dispute Resolution},
  booktitle = {AI for Access to Justice 2023},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3435/paper1.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2023justicebot,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {JusticeBot: A Methodology for Building Augmented Intelligence Tools for Laypeople to Increase Access to Justice},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.02032},
  doi = {10.1145/3594536.3595166},
  project = {https://justicebot.ca/}
}

@inproceedings{lauritsen2025old,
  author = {Marc Lauritsen and Hannes Westermann},
  title = {In With the Old: Enhancing ‘Classical’ Document Automation with Generative AI},
  booktitle = {AI for Access to Justice Workshop at ICAIL 2025},
  year = {2025}
}

@incollection{westermann2025lessons,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Lessons from Applying Traditional and Generative Artificial Intelligence to Increase Access to Justice},
  booktitle = {L’accès aux décisions de justice à l’ère du numérique: Perspectives luxembourgeoise, européenne et comparée},
  publisher = {Larcier-Intersentia},
  year = {2025}
}

@inproceedings{meeus2024healthcare,
  author = {Sébastien Meeùs and Valentina Dalla Giovanna and Samyar Janatian and Hannes Westermann and Karim Benyekhlef and Grégory Lewkowicz},
  title = {AI in Healthcare: Navigating Legal Risk Assessment with JusticeBot},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {384--386},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA241277}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2024dallma,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Dallma: Semi-Structured Legal Reasoning and Drafting with Large Language Models},
  booktitle = {2nd Workshop on Generative AI and Law},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://blog.genlaw.org/pdfs/genlaw_icml2024/58.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{drapal2023thematic,
  author = {Jakub Drapal and Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka},
  title = {Using Large Language Models to Support Thematic Analysis in Empirical Legal Studies},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {197--206},
  year = {2023},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA230965},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.18729}
}

@inproceedings{savelka2023explaining,
  author = {Jaromir Savelka and Kevin D. Ashley and Morgan A. Gray and Hannes Westermann and Huihui Xu},
  title = {Explaining Legal Concepts with Augmented Large Language Models (GPT-4)},
  booktitle = {AI4Legs 2023},
  year = {2023},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.09525}
}

@inproceedings{tan2023chatgpt,
  author = {Jinzhe Tan and Hannes Westermann and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {ChatGPT as an Artificial Lawyer?},
  booktitle = {AI for Access to Justice 2023},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3435/short2.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{savelka2023gpt4,
  author = {Jaromir Savelka and Kevin D. Ashley and Morgan A. Gray and Hannes Westermann and Huihui Xu},
  title = {Can GPT-4 Support Analysis of Textual Data in Tasks Requiring Highly Specialized Domain Expertise?},
  booktitle = {ASAIL 2023},
  year = {2023},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.13906}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2023bridging,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Sébastien Meeùs and Mia Godet and Aurore Troussel and Jinzhe Tan and Jaromir Savelka and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Bridging the Gap: Mapping Layperson Narratives to Legal Issues with Language Models},
  booktitle = {ASAIL 2023},
  pages = {37--48},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3441/paper5.pdf}
}

@incollection{benyekhlef2023complete,
  author = {Karim Benyekhlef and Hannes Westermann},
  title = {End-to-End Legal Prediction: An AI-Complete Problem?},
  booktitle = {Artificial intelligence law: Between sectoral rules and comprehensive regime comparative law},
  publisher = {Bruylant},
  year = {2023}
}

@inproceedings{salaun2022summarization,
  author = {Olivier Salaün and Aurore Troussel and Sylvain Longhais and Hannes Westermann and Philippe Langlais and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Conditional Abstractive Summarization of Court Decisions for Laymen and Insights from Human Evaluation},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {123--132},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.3233/FAIA220455}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2022tutor,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Vern R. Walker and Kevin D. Ashley and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Toward an Intelligent Tutoring System for Argument Mining in Legal Texts},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {133--142},
  year = {2022},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.13635}
}

@article{maneuvrier2022phi,
  author = {Arthur Maneuvrier and Hannes Westermann},
  title = {The Phi Angle: A Theoretical Essay on Sense of Presence, Human Factors and Performance in Virtual Reality},
  journal = {PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality},
  pages = {141--169},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.1162/pres_a_00359}
}

@techreport{boileau2022epistemology,
  author = {Justin-Eric Boileau and Ilona Bois-Drivet and Hannes Westermann and Jie Zhu},
  title = {An Epistemology of Artificial Intelligence},
  institution = {Cyberjustice Laboratory},
  number = {Working Document 32},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://www.cyberjustice.ca/files/sites/102/VfinaleLABCJ-E%CC%81piste%CC%81mologie-de-lIA_v2.pdf}
}

@article{westermann2022datacentric,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Vern R. Walker and Kevin D. Ashley and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Data-Centric Machine Learning in the Legal Domain},
  journal = {arXiv},
  year = {2022},
  preprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.06653}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2021dataset,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Vern R. Walker and Kevin D. Ashley and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Data-Centric Machine Learning: Improving Model Performance and Understanding Through Dataset Analysis},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {54--57},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://ebooks.iospress.nl/volumearticle/58529}
}

@inproceedings{savelka2021lex,
  author = {Jaromir Savelka and Hannes Westermann and Karim Benyekhlef and Charlotte S. Alexander and Jayla C. Grant and David Restrepo Amariles and Rajaa El Hamdani},
  title = {Lex Rosetta: Transfer of Predictive Models across Languages, Jurisdictions, and Legal Domains},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  pages = {129--138},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1145/3462757.3466149}
}

@incollection{westermann2021paragraph,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Paragraph Similarity Scoring and Fine-Tuned BERT for Legal Information Retrieval and Entailment},
  booktitle = {New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence},
  pages = {269--285},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-79942-7_18},
  award = {Winner, COLIEE 2020 Task 1}
}

@incollection{westermann2021reasoning,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Automating Reasoning with Previous Judicial Decisions},
  booktitle = {AI and Law: A Critical Overview},
  pages = {189},
  year = {2021}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2020embeddings,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Vern R. Walker and Kevin D. Ashley and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Sentence Embeddings and High-Speed Similarity Search for Fast Computer Assisted Annotation of Legal Documents},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {164--173},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://ebooks.iospress.nl/volumearticle/56173},
  award = {Best Paper Award}
}

@inproceedings{savelka2020crossdomain,
  author = {Jaromir Savelka and Hannes Westermann and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Cross-Domain Generalization and Knowledge Transfer in Transformers Trained on Legal Data},
  booktitle = {ASAIL 2020},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2764/paper5.pdf}
}

@article{westermann2020sentencing,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Evidence-Based Sentencing: Risks and Opportunities},
  journal = {Lex Electronica},
  volume = {25},
  number = {3},
  pages = {71--93},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://www.lex-electronica.org/articles/volume-25-2020-vol25-n3/evidence-based-sentencing-risks-and-opportunities/}
}

@inproceedings{salaun2020housing,
  author = {Olivier Salaün and Philippe Langlais and Andrés Lou and Hannes Westermann and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Analysis and Multilabel Classification of Quebec Court Decisions in the Domain of Housing Law},
  booktitle = {Natural Language Processing and Information Systems},
  pages = {135--143},
  year = {2020},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-51310-8_13}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2019boolean,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Jaromir Savelka and Vern R. Walker and Kevin D. Ashley and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Computer-Assisted Creation of Boolean Search Rules for Text Classification in the Legal Domain},
  booktitle = {Legal Knowledge and Information Systems},
  pages = {123--132},
  year = {2019},
  url = {https://ebooks.iospress.nl/volumearticle/53660},
  award = {Best Student Paper Award}
}

@inproceedings{westermann2019factors,
  author = {Hannes Westermann and Vern R. Walker and Kevin D. Ashley and Karim Benyekhlef},
  title = {Using Factors to Predict and Analyze Landlord-Tenant Decisions to Increase Access to Justice},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  pages = {133--142},
  year = {2019},
  doi = {10.1145/3322640.3326732}
}

@techreport{dupont2018crime,
  author = {Benoit Dupont and Yuan Stevens and Hannes Westermann and Michael Joyce},
  title = {Artificial Intelligence in the Context of Crime and Criminal Justice},
  institution = {Canada Research Chair in Cybersecurity, ICCC, Université de Montréal},
  year = {2018},
  url = {https://www.cicc-iccc.org/public/media/files/prod/publication_files/Artificial-Intelligence-in-the-Context-of-Crime-and-Criminal-Justice_KICICCC_2019.pdf}
}

@phdthesis{westermann2023thesis,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Using Artificial Intelligence to Increase Access to Justice},
  school = {Université de Montréal},
  year = {2023}
}

@mastersthesis{westermann2018purpose,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {Change of Purpose: The Effects of the Purpose Limitation Principle in the General Data Protection Regulation on Big Data Profiling},
  school = {Lund University},
  year = {2018}
}

@online{westermann2020blockchain,
  author = {Hannes Westermann},
  title = {An Interactive Guide to the Blockchain, Part I–V},
  publisher = {Cyberjustice Laboratory},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://www.cyberjustice.ca/mots-cles/blockchain/}
}